Abstract : The study and prediction modeling in this paper on COVID-19 cases in Indian states aims to comprehend the disease's occurrence, severity, and potential future developments. With its findings, the research hopes to help with decision-making, resource allocation, and public health initiatives. To obtain and examine pertinent data, the study combined positivist and pragmatic research approaches. Data came from reputable health organisations and official government databases, with an emphasis on verified instances among Indian citizens. The study and forecasting of COVID-19 cases among Indian people, in conclusion, provide important insights into the prevalence, severity, and future trends of the illness. This research emphasises the need for precise information, contextual comprehension, and teamwork to address the current COVID-19 crisis in Indian states. The execution of focused interventions and informed decision-making will benefit from ongoing study and analysis. In This paper, we are analyzing the future prediction in confirmed case and deaths cases, cured cases in year 2024..
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Abstract : Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC) applications, receiver antenna has to resonate at one or more of NavIC bands L1(1575 MHz), L5(1176 MHz) and S (2492 MHz) bands. Here prototypes of Single Band, Dual Band and Triband antennas are designed and validated for NavIC frequencies. Single band (L5–band) antenna of low cost and electrically small size is simulated and verified. A double band antenna for L1 and S band designed and fabricated is improvised with its return loss and Gain parameters using Low Noise Amplifier (LNA). A unique all-Metallic Tri band antenna designed is simulated and fabricated and tested for the performance in L1, L5 and S bands, without LNA. These antennas can be used for tracking purposes. The designed antennas measure (45.14mm x 58mm x1.56mm), (40mm x 40mm x 1.56mm), (30mm x 80mm x 8mm) with Single band, Dual band and Triband antennas respectively, which are all electrically small antennas. The evolution of antennas for NavIC application from Single band antenna to Dual band antenna with low inherited gain and increasing the gain by adding LNA and to Triband antenna with good inherited gain is conveyed..
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Abstract : Hydraulic fracturing is a technique widely employed around the world to enhance the productivity of low-permeability wells. Hydraulic fracturing is performed by injecting a high-viscosity fluid capable of fracturing rocks and transporting proppant. A water-based fracturing fluid is the most commonly utilized fracturing fluid. This fluid is made up of water, polymeric minerals, crosslinks, breakers, and a variety of additional additives that are customized to the properties of the rock and fluid being penetrated. The existence of residues created by polymers that do not entirely break down after the fracture process is a common issue when using water-based fracturing fluids. In addition, the use of different water sources, such as the use of production water with complex ion content, affects both the residue and the rheology of the resulting gelling fluid. The fracturing fluid will also interact with the mineral reservoir rock, which contains clay minerals in varying amounts. This interaction can result in fines migration and clay swelling, which can increase the formation damage and impair permeability during hydraulic fracturing. The presence of residue, fines migration and clay swelling are a source of formation damage which can reduce permeability after hydraulic fracturing, better known as return permeability. This article reviews the formation damage in hydraulic fracturing caused by water based fracturing fluid comprises residues caused by interactions between polymeric materials and other additives, as well as clay issues such as fines migration and clay swelling. Comprehensive knowledge is needed regarding the factors that cause formation damage and return permeability caused by water based fracturing fluid, so that hydraulic fracturing will increase well productivity..
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