Gongcheng Kexue Yu Jishu/Advanced Engineering Science

Abstract : Vehicle crashes on road increases day by day. According to the ASIRT on average minimum 3287 people lose their life in road accident. There are several parameters which lead to the road accident in which driver activity is one of the significant parameters. Due to sleep disorder and driver dullness during driving will lead to the road accidents. To overcome this problem and to monitor the driver activity a driver drowsy alert system is designed. A number of researches are conducted on the alert system to give best system response. In proposed work we implemented a driver drowsy monitoring system, in which a high-resolution camera is fixed in front of the driver which continuously record and monitor the driver eye movement. The module is designed by using Histogram of Oriented gradients (HOG) and Haar cascade face detection algorithm. Regression tree method is included to point out the eye region and its position. Once the eye region is obtained pupil is detected and tracked using gradient method and kalman filter. The module is implemented in visual studio 2015, by using C++, Open CV and Dlib library function. The code is ported on Renesas R CAR E2 SILK platform. The system generates the warning signal when driver close his eye more than predefined and when he/she distracted from the proper position..
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Abstract : Flight parameters are an important element in producing an accurate photogrammetric product. The different settings for the flight parameters especially in a low altitude photogrammetry flight mission can have a significant impact on the results. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis on flight parameters is needed to guide industry practitioners in utilizing the correct settings during flight missions. The aim of this study is to analyse the impact of different flight planning settings such as altitudes as well as overlap and sidelap percentages. The multirotor drone was used to capture the aerial images at the selected study location. The images were captured from three different altitudes with three different overlap and sidelap percentages. The error analysis was performed to identify the effect on altitudes as well as the overlap and sidelap percentages in this study. It was found that a lower altitude requires less overlap and sidelap compared to a high altitude. The standard deviation range of a good combination for XY coordinate is +0.066m to +0.091m while the Z coordinate is +0.031m to +0.045m. In conclusion, the selection of overlap and sidelap percentages depends on the flight altitudes. High precision photogrammetric results can be obtained if the correct procedure has been followed..
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Abstract : Temperature records showed differences in the magnitude between urban and suburban, which usually urban areas show greater magnitudes than rural areas. The variance in temperature is called Urban Heat Island phenomena. In this study, small area respective to population rate was chosen as a case study to seek the impact of measuring times on UHI in Saif Saad district - Karbala city /Iraq. Study methodology is selecting three points at both urban and suburban areas to show the impact of two measuring times: one at the midday and the other is immediately after sunset. This study mentioned that there is a fluctuated in air temperature at 1.5 m above the ground at daytime but there is a stable temperature at night time. Respective to UHIs magnitude, there is significant values of urban heat island at both urban and suburban areas with both measuring times on day and night times. Generally, urban area is warmer than suburban area by increasing temperature value of 2.38oC. Study conclusions are air temperature magnitudes at small urban area are always greater than suburban area along winter season. Also, small areas likely quarters have severed from Urban Heat Island phenomena, which could because UHI values were observed at both daytimes and night times. Measuring times close to the midday hour and just after the sunset appear the precise values of UHI. Therefore, city planner and designers should put these times within scheduling measuring times to record temperature at urban and suburban areas..
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Abstract : The Residue Number System has acquired importance in recent years due to its carry-free propagation, and parallelism. This paper reviews the additional capabilities of usage of alternative moduli sets, forward converters and reverse converters, etc can help in speeding up the design. The less area can be obtained by carry-save adder or carry propagate adder. Also the less area and delay with modular multipliers using booth multipliers, fast multipliers like Dadda multipliers, etc. Further, these are modified for multi-value RNS systems like ternary and Quarternary RNS. The designs can be encoded with different encoding mechanisms like thermometer codes, one hot code, binary codes, etc. The designs are enhanced in speed with distributed architecture and related modifications. The designs are evaluated for various parameters like area, delay, power, power delay product, energy-delay product, the maximum frequency of operation, order of filters, number of taps, minimum period cycle, energy per sample, etc. Among the RNS Filters developed, the complexity increases as the number of taps are increased and multi-value systems are used. The RNS FIR Filter with pipelining has improved significantly the performance of the filter. The proposed distributed arithmetic-based FIR Filter with pipelining has produced the least delay with improvement by 21.5% to 88.54%, which is more advantage in designing fast DSP applications..
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Abstract : Outdoor space in any area especially in residential places is an important element that has a great impact on the human’s psychology, mental health and performance, as it can affect the heart rate and blood pressure. In addition, outdoor spaces are the most used spaces as they influence residents to interact with one another [1]. One of the most important factors that helps in the success of any outdoor space is its thermal comfort. Whereas, Human’s thermal comfort is defined as a state of mind that conveys satisfaction with one's surroundings, High temperatures and humidity can cause discomfort and, in some cases, heat stress which is a reduction in the body's ability to cool itself. While every country in any region in the world has its own climatic characteristics, Egypt’s climatic condition is hot and dry in summer and moderate in winters [13]. Moreover, high outdoor air temperatures and low relative humidity are common during the hot summer months in Egypt because of the intense sun radiation. As a result, discomfort and heat stress are more likely to occur which can also lead to urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon [15]. One of the aspects that can solute and helps in enhancing the thermal comfort in outdoor spaces is the building and planting design orientation and layout configuration taking in consideration the planting orientation including spacing, design and different species of planting [23]. Thus, this research aims to measure the impacts of layout configuration of buildings and investigate the effect of planting on the outdoor thermal comfort in the residential areas. The enhancement of the residential outdoor thermal comfort will be investigated and discussed. This is achieved by mixed qualitative and quantitative methodology approach. First, a literature review that will investigate a-climate, b-thermal comfort, c-layout configuration, d-planting design. Second, presenting and analyzing the case studies. Third, a simulation using Envi-met to study and compare the heat, light and air (thermal comfort) of the outdoor areas in different closed residential building clusters in Egypt as an example. By applying the different climate factors, in order to reach the best building orientation and outdoor layout configuration which obtains the best thermal comfort results. Finally, the research should end up with conclusions and recommendation for achieving the research aim..
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