In order to study the effect of Nano–particles on the low organic waste activated sludge fermentation performance. The WAS were fermented in the nanometer CuO (Nano–CuO) and nanometer ZnO (Nano–ZnO) fermentation systems. The results showed that the hydrolytic acidizing property of Nano--ZnO fermentation system was significantly higher than Nano--CuO fermentation system. Protease increased with the addition of Nano--ZnO and Nano--CuO, and the maximal value was 25.15 EU/mg VSS (Nano--CuO) and 46.71 EU/mg VSS (Nano--ZnO), respectively. The α--glucosidase increased firstly and then decreased with the addition of Nano--ZnO and Nano--CuO, the maximal value were 0.0037 EU/mg VSS of 10 mg/L (Nano-- CuO) and 0.0039 EU/mg VSS of 1 mg/L (Nano--ZnO), respectively.Alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase declined with the Nano–ZnO and Nano–CuO addition however the Nano–ZnO system was higher than Nano–CuO system. The coenzyme 420 declined with the increase of Nano–ZnO but increased with the increase of Nano–CuO . Theterrimonas , chryseolinea and ferruginibacter were enriched in Nano–ZnO fermentation system which resulted in the higher SCFAs production.